Step-by-Step Guide to Writing a Novel

Lots of people want to write a novel, but don’t know where to start. Here is a step by step Shotlistguide to writing your first novel.

If you find this guide useful, you might want to check out this novel writing software, which uses exactly this method but gives tones more details and guidance, and keeps track of all your characters, locations, scenes and even submissions.

Step One – Write a Premise

First you need a single line which describes the basic plot of your novel and introduces the protagonist.

Step Two – Outline the basic plot

Next expand that single line premise into a paragraph, which gives details of the major stages of your story, including introduction to the story world, disasters and final conflict.

Step Three – Meet your characters

Next outline your major characters. Think about each one’s name, age and role in the story. You don’t need to go into too much depth at this stage.

Step Four – Short synopsis

Look back at your outline of the plot and expand it into a full page. You can add a bit more detail about twists and turns and character relationships.

Step Five – Extended Synopsis

As you might have guessed, this step involves expanding on the previous step. This section should be about four or five pages long and you should start to see the individual scenes emerge.

Step Six – Goal to decision cycle

Shot6Make sure that each of your each of your scenes is either a ‘head’ where there its lots of action going on or a ‘tail’ where the character is reeling from the conflict in the previous scene, thinking about her options and making a decision, which will be the next scene’s goal.

Step Seven – Character questionnaires

Complete a character questionnaire for your major characters to begin to give them some depth.

Step Eight – Develop locations

Make a list of all the locations that will appear in your story and note down some details about them, including what you can smell, see, hear, feel and taste there.

Step nine – Advanced Plotting

Now is the time to look hard at your plot and try to identify if there are any weak points, such as characters doing things without good motivations, time warps etc.

Step Ten – Character Viewpoints

For each of your major characters, go through the whole story from their point of view. Note down their reactions to the events and other characters.

Step Eleven – Scene Blocking

Write out the whole story as if you were writing stage directions.

Step Twelve – Draft One

It’s finally time for the first draft! Using your blocking as guide, write your first draft. Just steam, through, don’t be tempted to stop and edit at this stage – it’ll be a waste of time – trust me.

Step Thirteen – Theme and variations

Read through your first draft and see if any themes emerge and if you can use them to stronger effect. For example, if you write about birds a lot, could one scene have no birds, or a dead bird as a foreboding omen?

Step Fourteen – Draft Two

Rewrite and edit your first draft to tidy up the prose, remove any telling instead of showing, weave in foreshadowing and themes and generally tidy up and improve. Read more about how to write the second draft of your novel here.

Step Fifteen – Final Draft

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Now it’s just a matter of editing and polishing until you’re happy with it, or until you’re simply too exhausted to hit a keyboard key – whichever comes first.

Click here to start your 30 days trial >>

Five Biggest Mistakes When Submitting Your Novel to an Agent

Agents get hundreds of new manuscripts land on their desk every week and the vast majority end up on the slush pile. They are very busy people and are looking for any excuse to reduce the reading load – so if you’re making any of the mistakes listed below, you’re going to end up in the bin faster than you can say, ‘the next J K Rowling’.

Over confidence

novel writing tips

It’s amazing how many people are convinced of their own abilities when there’s little evidence to support the theory. If you pitch to an agent with the attitude that you’re doing them a favour by allowing them to represent you, you’re not going to endear yourself to them. Yes, you should be confident, but that should be balanced with humility and professionalism. They will make up their own minds about whether they think your work is any good, and informing them that your creative writing teacher thinks you’re breaking new boundaries of literature is not going to make one jot of difference.

Not following the guidelines

This is probably the most depressing thing that people do all the time. You’ve gone to the effort of writing a novel, which is no mean feat. Even if it’s not very good, it’s still a great accomplishment. So after putting in all that hard work, why start cutting corners and just sending out the manuscript willy nilly without checking: the agency actually represents your type of work, what they want you to send and how you should send it. Manuscripts that arrive that don’t meet the guidelines give an impression of sloppiness before the first page has even been scanned.

Using crazy formatting

Most agencies will give guidelines for how they’d like their submissions formatted. It’s usually single sided, 12 points, double-spaced, courier new with wide margins, but you should check their specifics and follow them to the letter. You might think you’re being clever and expressing your personality by using comic sans, pink bold text with as many words squeezed onto the page as possible, but you’re only going to get on their nerves.

Sloppy synopsis

Almost all agencies will require a synopsis to go along with the first few chapters of the  writing tipsnovel. The chapters are to see if you can write, the synopsis if to see if you can plot and if you understand the principles of a story arc. It will reassure them that the story isn’t going to end with ‘it was all a dream’ or something equally appalling, and that there aren’t any inconsistencies or gaping plot holes. Most writers resent writing synopses, but you need to make sure yours is an asset, not a weakness.

Giving up too easily

The publishing world is under a lot of pressure these days, and is undergoing painful changes. Therefore, competition is stiff, and agents aren’t willing to take a risk on a manuscript that they don’t feel passionately about. But every agent has different tastes and preferences and the market moves and shifts as well. You shouldn’t give up on a manuscript until you’ve submitted it to at least 30 (appropriate) agents.

Getting Started Writing a Novel – Five Critical Steps

Many people would like to write a novel but find it hard to get going, or simply don’t know where to start. This article outlines five steps that are absolutely critical if you’re ever going to get that novel written.

Make a commitment. I mean, really make a commitment

Procrastination and failing to find the time to write are by far the biggest problems when it comes to writing a novel. Rather than face off against the blank screen, people will find all kinds of other things to do, that had been forgotten for ages but are now urgent.

To be a writer, you need to develop a writing habit, and that means writing every day – even if it’s only for half an hour. Decide what your commitment is going to be and make it low. If you say you’re going to write for two hours every day, you’re pretty much guaranteed to fail and that’s not big or clever. Be smart and realistic instead and commit yourself to writing for at least half an hour six days a week or writing at least 100 words per day. It really doesn’t matter how little it is, but it must become a habit.

Learn the nuts and bolts

I’m always amazed at how many people say they are writers or that they’d like to be ooopswriters, but don’t have the most basic grasp of grammar, punctuation and spelling. There’s nothing to be ashamed of if English isn’t your strong point – maybe your education wasn’t that great, or maybe it wasn’t the right time for you to learn.

But if you want to be a writer, then you have to learn it now. Do what you have to do, buy a book, hire a tutor, teach yourself with online exercises, but don’t think that you can get away with poor English as a writer. You can’t and you won’t.

Read a lot

There’s a reason writers are always
Novel writing softwareharping on about reading. It’s because you can learn so much from those who have gone before. You should make sure you read books in the genre you’d like to write in – this usually happens naturally, but if you’re an adult wanting to write for children, you might have to make more of an effort, and having read the Harry Potter series a few years ago is not going to cut it.

Reading can help improve your spelling, punctuation and grammar as well as vocabulary, and it can teach you techniques, especially when you start reading with a heightened awareness of the prose itself, on top of as a pleasure reader.

Get feedback (from someone other than your mum or bezzy mate)

A lot of beginning writers find the idea of sharing their work quite daunting, but getting quality critique from other people who are passionate about writing is one of the most valuable things you can do for your skills.

Find out about local writing groups in your area, visit a few as a guest to find out which one you click with the best. Online writing critique groups also have some value, but nothing beats face to face discussion.

Don’t expect to get it right first time

Learning the craft of writing takes a lot of effort and you are unlikely to be much good until you’ve got some experience under your belt. Don’t be disheartened if it’s hard work to begin with, or if sometimes you feel you’re not getting anywhere. Just thrash out a first draft and let the chips fall where they may.

writing tipsThen, once you’ve got that all important first draft out of the way, you’ll be infinitely more skilled and experienced than you were before you had a first draft written, and you can start working on improving the draft, and making something that’s really special.

Still need more help?

The Novel Factory writing software is designed to help beginning writers get started writing their novel. It offers a step by step guide, with theory lessons alongside each stage and established templates and guides for plotting and developing three dimensional characters. And it’s completely free to try for thirty days!

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The THREE WORST mistakes made by novelists that are just starting out

Writing a novel is hard, but contrary to popular belief, it’s not some magical skill you’reNovel Writing Software born with, like rolling your tongue. Even the greatest writers have to put in the hard graft, learning their craft and writing complete rubbish for years before creating something passable.

Every writer’s journey is different and everyone will have a different background. Some people might be voracious readers, others may have had a stint teaching English, others might have been telling stories to their younger siblings since they were five years old.

But there are a few mistakes that are extremely common in the vast majority of new writers. Read on to find out what they are and how you can avoid falling foul of them.

Failure to understand the importance of spelling, grammar and punctuation

If you want to be a writer, you have to have perfect English (or whatever language it is you’re writing in). If you don’t think it’s important to learn the very basic foundations of the language then I’ve got bad news – you’ve failed before you’ve started.

That is not at all to say that if your English isn’t great at the moment you’ve got no chance. What’s important is making the effort to learn your craft, and taking it seriously. So if you know there are holes in your knowledge, take some time to read up on the rules and spend as much time as you need practicing.

Some people think that this sounds ‘boring’ and isn’t ‘real writing’ and that ‘an editor will sort that stuff out’. But if you turn up at an agent’s office with a typo saturated manuscript, you’re going to get laughed back out to the street before you can say ‘stop wasting professional people’s time’. They are not going to pay for an editor to make up for your laziness.

Underestimating the amount of work it’s going to take

New writers (including me, many years ago) often think you sit down, write a novel from beginning to end and that’s that done.

Not so fast, buster.

Most successful authors say that they revisit each scene dozens, even hundreds of timesNovel Writing Tips before it even begins to take shape. First drafts are a necessary part of the process, but a competed manuscript they are not.

Also, you’re probably going to have to write a handful of bad novels before you start to create something passable. This can be a horrifying thought for those just starting out, for whom the idea of not selling their masterpiece once they finally drag themselves to the end seems insane.

But if you want to be a writer, it might be a good idea to get used to a little insanity.

Telling, not Showing

You might be pleased to hear the final mistake is actually related to prose itself.

And that is: telling, not showing. This is the mantra of the author, you must be looking at every single sentence you write and asking yourself if you’re telling or showing.

In essence, ‘telling’ is directly explaining to your reader something about the character or plot, such as: ‘Gemma was a scrupulously honest woman’ or ‘Felicity didn’t trust Francis at all’.

Rather than telling the reader outright, it’s much better to demonstrate what’s happening as if the reader were observing it with their own sense.

For example: ‘Gemma noticed the cashier had given her a whole tenpence too much, so hurried back to rectify the error’. Or ‘When Francis walked into the room, Felicity drew her handbag slightly closer to her and placed her hand protectively over it.’

That kind of thing.

So, now you know the three worst new novelist mistakes you can watch out for them and hone your creative writing skills!

If you’re just starting out writing a novel, and want more useful advice on how to avoid the worst pitfalls and give you the best chance of success, then check out www.novel-software.com.

Favourite Creative Writing Quotes

“It’s none of their business that you have to learn to write. Let them think you were born that way.”

Ernest Hemingway


“I love deadlines. I like the whooshing sound they make as they fly by.”

Douglas Adams


“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and a lightning bug.”

Mark Twain


“Fantasy is hardly an escape from reality. It’s a way of understanding it.”

Lloyd Alexander


“My own experience is that once a story has been written, one has to cross out the beginning and the end. It is there that we authors do most of our lying.”

Anton Chekhov


“Writing a novel is like driving a car at night. You can only see as far as your headlights, but you can make the whole trip that way.”

– E. L. Doctorow


“One day I will find the right words, and they will be simple.”Novel Wiriting Software

Jack Kerouac


“History will be kind to me for I intend to write it.”

Winston S. Churchill


“Not that the story need be long, but it will take a long while to make it short.”

– Henry David Thoreau


“If my doctor told me I had only six minutes to live, I wouldn’t brood. I’d type a little faster.”

Isaac Asimov


“The first draft of anything is shit.”

Ernest Hemingway


“Everywhere I go I’m asked if I think the university stifles writers. My opinion is that they don’t stifle enough of them. There’s many a best-seller that could have been prevented by a good teacher.”

Flannery O’Connor


“Always be a poet, even in prose.”

Charles Baudelaire


“People love a happy ending. So every episode, I will explain once again that I don’t like people. And then Mal will shoot someone. Someone we like. And their puppy.”

Joss Whedon


“There are three rules for writing a novel. Unfortunately, no one knows what they are.“

W. Somerset Maugham


“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.”

Maya Angelou


“You have to write the book that wants to be written. And if the book will be too difficult for grown-ups, then you write it for children.”

Madeleine L’Engle


“I went for years not finishing anything. Because, of course, when you finish something you can be judged.”

– Erica Jong


“It is perfectly okay to write garbage—as long as you edit brilliantly.”

– C. J. Cherryh

The Novel Factory is novel writing software which helps you write your novel, and practically writes your synopsis for you (sort of). Why not have a free trial? Go to the www.novel-software.com.

The Novel Factory

We’re excited to announce that we now have a WordPress blog! We’ll use it to post our news, information about offers and advice for new novelists.softwarebox

The Novel Factory is software specifically designed to help in every aspect of novel writing, from conception to publication.

Writing a novel is hard. Writing a good novel is really hard.

What people said about our software:

“It’s extremely useful in organizing and making me think about what I write. The advice was invaluable, and the step-by-step instructions guided me extremely well through the writing process, allowing me to develop characters and plot a lot further than expected.”

“I love the way that it allows you to quickly but effectively expand on your novel through the set process. Particularly the synopses, it got my thinking about what I needed to achieve at different levels and it made the creative process work faster in my head.”

“I liked the simplicity any easy to navigate structure development.”